University of Arizona a dot Cooperative Extension

Yuma County Farm Notes


Small Grains Variety Evaluation at Yuma, 2000
M. J. Ottman, Agronomy Specialist, University of Arizona

Summary

Small grain varieties are evaluated each year by University of Arizona personnel and industry cooperators. The purpose of these tests is to characterize varieties in terms of yield and other attributes. Variety performance varies greatly from year to year and several site-years are necessary to adequately characterize the yield potential of a variety. The results contained in this report will be combined with results from previous years in a summary available from Arizona Cooperative Extension .

Introduction

Small grain varieties are continually tested as part of the on-going effort to assess variety productivity and characteristics. The purpose of these tests were to characterize new barley, durum, and wheat varieties in terms of yield potential, relative maturity, quality, and other characteristics. Small plot variety trials do not substitute for localized on-farm testing of new varieties. Varieties are known to differ in their response to specific management regimes and weather conditions.

Procedure

Barley, durum and wheat varieties were evaluated in the Yuma Valley by Western Plant Breeders. The seed was planted with a cone planter in seven rows spaced 7 inches apart and about 20 ft long. The seeding rate was approximately 100 lbs/acre for wheat and durum varieties and 85 lbs/acre for barley varieties. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with 4 replications and a variable number of entries depending on the crop. Growing conditions at each site are listed below. The following data was collected, but not all data was collected at every location; grain yield, grain protein, test weight, kernel weight, HVAC, plant height, lodging, heading, anthesis, and physiological maturity. Grain was harvested with a small plot combine and yields are expressed on an “as is” moisture basis. Kernel weight and HVAC were determined from 10 g of hand picked seed. Grain protein was determined with a NIR whole grain analyzer. Heading, anthesis, and physiological maturity dates are noted when 50% of the plants reach these stages. Physiological maturity is defined when the glumes turn brown. Abbreviations for the sources of varieties are: APB=Arizona Plant Breeders, UA=University of Arizona, UC=University of California, WPB=Western Plant Breeders, WWW=World Wide Wheat.

Yuma Valley (Western Plant Breeders) - Barley - A trial was planted on a clay loam soil that was previously in cantaloupes and irrigated up on December 6, 1999. A total of six irrigations were applied including the irrigation to germinate the seed. Nitrogen application included 70 lbs N/acre preplant and 180 lbs N/acre in the first three irrigations as ammonia for a total of 250 lbs N/acre. The plots were harvested on May 18, 2000.

Yuma Valley (Western Plant Breeders) - Durum and Wheat - Seed was planted on a sandy loam soil following lettuce on January 15, 2000 and an irrigation to germinate the seed was applied the same day. No preplant fertilizer was applied. A total of 262 lbs N/acre as UAN-32 was applied over the growing season. Seven irrigations were required. Plots were harvested June 1, 2000.

Discussion

The 1999-00 wheat growing season can be characterized as warm and dry compared to normal. March was the only month where appreciable rainfall was recorded and most of this occurred in one storm in the early part of the month. The growing season had above average temperature except for December. Several locations and years are needed to accurately assess variety performance. Contact your local Cooperative Extension for a summary of small grains trials in Arizona. The results of this trial are most useful when combined with data from other years.

Table 1. Small grain variety yield results from Yuma (WPB), 2000.
Entry Source Grain
yield*
Grain
protein
Test
weight
Kernel
weight
HVAC Plant
height
Lodging Anthesis
lbs/acre
%
lbs/bu
g
%
inches
%
 
Barley
Baretta APB 8383
-
54.8 40.2
-
32 3
-
Mucho APB 7028
-
54.6 42.9
-
27 5
-
Nebula WPB 7706
-
55.5 43.3
-
33 0
-
Caliber WWW 7086
-
55.7 37.9
-
30 0
-
Commander WWW 8190
-
55.9 37.0
-
30 0
-
Horizon WWW 7667
-
54.1 40.9
-
29 0
-
Max WWW 7996
-
53.9 37.7
-
31 0
-
Patti WWW 7609
-
53.5 37.8
-
29 0
-
Max/Mucho
-
7682
-
54.1 36.8
-
31 0
-
AVERAGE   7705
-
54.6 39.4
-
30 1
-
 
Durum
D95-412 APB 5699 14.5 60.9 44.0 100 28 65 14-Mar
D95-434 APB 6171 15.3 62.0 40.7 100 31 65 14-Mar
D96-651 APB 6171 15.1 62.8 41.9 100 32 68 17-Mar
Kronos APB 7133 14.4 62.7 52.5 100 31 70 13-Mar
Ocotillo APB 7043 15.3 63.2 45.1 100 34 53 19-Mar
Cortez WPB 6498 15.9 61.1 45.1 100 34 0 21-Mar
Kofa WPB 6770 14.9 62.7 48.0 100 32 35 14-Mar
Mohawk WPB 6843 14.5 60.8 41.9 100 31 55 13-Mar
Tacna WPB 6734 16.2 62.2 44.7 100 29 35 12-Mar
Tacna/Cortez
-
7133 15.1 62.9 45.2 100 33 5 13-Mar
YU895-130 WPB 7696 15.6 63.7 36.2 100 34 60 16-Mar
YU895-89 WPB 6244 16.7 60.5 48.4 100 33 18 19-Mar
Bravadur WWW 6026 15.4 61.6 39.9 100 32 38 15-Mar
Crown WWW 6462 14.9 59.5 37.5 100 35 20 18-Mar
D2626 WWW 6752 14.8 62.6 37.8 100 32 53 15-Mar
Deluxe WWW 6897 15.5 62.0 41.7 100 34 35 18-Mar
Duraking WWW 7460 14.0 62.0 36.9 100 33 20 18-Mar
Platinum WWW 6879 14.1 61.1 35.8 100 30 45 13-Mar
Ria WWW 6280 15.0 62.0 36.9 100 32 38 16-Mar
Topper WWW 7097 13.9 64.3 38.8 100 34 0 20-Mar
AVERAGE   6699 15.1 62.0 42.0 100 32 39 16-Mar
 
Wheat
Yecora Rojo UC 5990 15.1 63.7 40.1
-
29 18 15-Mar
Brooks WPB 6661 15.0 63.2 35.9
-
31 48 14-Mar
YU995-241 WPB 6516 15.1 60.9 33.7
-
31 40 16-Mar
BR4835 WWW 6207 15.1 62.2 34.8
-
36 43 15-Mar
Cavalier WWW 6625 15.2 61.8 39.3
-
31 33 16-Mar
AVERAGE   6400 15.1 62.4 36.8
-
32 0 15-Mar

*Grain yield: LSD (5%) = 948, 1279, and 868 lbs/acre and cv = 6.7, 13.5, and 8.8% for barley, durum, and wheat, respectively.


Full Disclaimers

Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, James A. Christenson, Director Cooperative Extension, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona.

The University of Arizona is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. The University does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, veteran status, or sexual orientation in its programs and activities.

Any products, services, or organizations that are mentioned, shown, or indirectly implied in this web document do not imply endorsement by The University of Arizona.


Information provided by:
Michael Ottman, mottman@ag.arizona.edu Agronomy Specialist
University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
Material written January 2001.


 
Yuma County: Field Crops | Farm Notes | Alfalfa Reports | Vegetables

For more Arizona Production Ag Information:
Home | Cotton | Veggies| Forages | Grains | Citrus | Crop x Crop | Insects | Diseases| Weeds | Pesticides | News | Weather | Research | Photos | Contacts | General Info. | Site Map


document located at: http://cals.arizona.edu/crops/counties/yuma/farmnotes/fn0101grainvar.html

Copyright © 2001 University of Arizona,
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
Webmaster: Al Fournier (fournier@ag.arizona.edu)