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2	Essential Structure of a Successful Institutional Education Program
3	Major Issues in the Southwest Agriculture Irrigation Water availability Use of non-potable water for irrigation Water quality
4	Water Conservation Tips 1. Irrigate at night or early morning. 2. Apply less water, more frequently. 3. Consider the soil texture to decide how much water & when to apply.
5	"4" 4. Use drought-tolerant & dwarf plant species/cultivars. 5. Check the weather forecast for precipit. before irrigating. 6. Use irrigation method required less water. 7. Core cultivate compacted soils.
6	Arizona Turf Industry Golf: over 300 courses, over $1 billion sales, over 17,000 FTE (full-time equivalents) Sports turf: spring training center of U.S. baseball Landscape industry primarily focused on xeriscape
7	Arizona Landscape Irrigation Policy 4.6 acre feet ground water on facilities >10 acres Required use of effluent or other secondary sources where available Other states with similar policies: CA, NV
8	Effluent Salinity Tolerance of Modern Turf Cultivars Funded by AZ Dept. Water Resources & AZ-GCSA Advantages of hydroponics for cultivar screening Test solution ion balance patterned after Arizona effluent
9	Native Species Alkali sacaton Sporobolus airoides Sideoats grama Bouteloua Saltgrass Distichlis spicata
10	Salt Tolerance of Native Species
11	Drought Tolerance of Distichlis (salt-grass) [left to right Marcum & Pessarakli] Competitive soil moisture dry-down Fritted clay media having known water potential release
12	Development of Distichlis into a Turfgrass Funded by USGA Collaboration with Colorado State Univ. 21 Distichlis accessions evaluated for turf quality, salinity and drought tolerance
13	Water Requirement/Drought Screening Techniques Controlled plot irrigation based on ETo or soil moisture status Lysimetry Soil moisture monitoring Pot dry-down Flexible rooting tubes Polyethylene glycol water culture
14	Salinity and Heat Tolerance Screening Techniques Salinity Tolerance Screening: Solution culture Hydroponics Potted plant cycling drip Heat Tolerance Screening: Photosynthetic fluorescence Membrane thermostability
15	Arizona Turf Conference Annual, two-day event Multiple seminars covering turf management, irrig., landscape, pesticide calibration/use GCSAA and State pesticide credits awarded Attendance typically 100
16	AZ Field Days Annual, all-day event Tours of turf research plots On-site discussions Distribute annual research report Attendance typically 100
17	Arizona GCSA Regional Seminars Morning seminars given, focusing on a specific topic Catered lunch Afternoon golf
18	Group Tours College and high school classes from around the state Special working groups: Landscapers Sports turf mgrs. International groups
19	Teaching Turf courses – GCSAA curriculum Turf internship Turf independent studies U.A. turf club – a GCSAA chapter
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24	Front Row (left to right): Pessarakli (3^rd), Huber (4^th), the rest, graduate students & Post Docs.