Environmental Analysis for the Walker Basin Range Allotment Area

Biological Assessment and Evaluation for Four Plant Species

Arizona Cliffrose (Purshia subintegra),
Verde Valley Sage (Salvia dorrii mearnsii),
Ripley’s Wild Buckwheat (Eriogonum ripleyi),
Arizona Cinquefoil (Potentilla multifoliolata)

Long Valley and Beaver Creek Ranger Districts,
Coconino National Forest
Region 3
USDA Forest Service
Coconino and Yavapai Counties, Arizona

A. ALLOTMENT DESCRIPTION

The Walker Basin Allotment is located with the Long Valley and Beaver Creek Ranger Districts of the Coconino National Forest. It is currently permitted to graze 543 head of cattle and seven horses year-round. The decision notice for this allotments environmental assessment was signed by the Forest Supervisor in November of 1990. A supplemental decision notice was signed in March of 1991.

The Walker Basin allotment covers 86,785 acres. It varies from two to six miles wide and is 28 miles long. The lower portion of the allotment starts near Camp Verde around 3000 feet above sea level in the Upper Sonoran Desert. The middle portion is within the pinyon-juniper woodland, much of which was mechanically treated in the late 1950’s and 1960’s. The upper portion is within the ponderosa pine bunchgrass community up to 7352 feet on Hollingshead Butte. Riparian vegetation exists on a mile and a half of Beaver Creek, Hance Springs and Russell Springs within the allotment. This stretch of Beaver Creek is not grazed by livestock. Both springs riparian areas are approximately one acre in size. The central and upper portion of the allotment runs between Wet Beaver Creek and West Clear Creek Wilderness areas.

B. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE (CURRENT MANAGEMENT)

The current management has direction from the 1990 Walker Basin Allotment environmental assessment, 1991 Supplemental Decision Notice and Allotment Management Plan (AMP). A biological evaluation was done for these decisions at that time. This new biological assessement and evaluation is done to bring the old evaluation up to today’s standards and to evaluate newly listed species. All improvements contained in the AMP have been completed since 1991 except for one mile of electric fence on the Heifer pasture and three miles of electric fence on the Horse Knoll pasture.

The grazing system on the permit is intensive. The cattle are grazed as one herd throughout the year. Where elk grazing is heavy, from Cedar Flats east through the Long Valley District, livestock graze only half of the allotment each year. Graze periods vary from three days to 30 days, with an average of 10 days. This grazing strategy uses 42 different pastures to help meet resource objectives.

Historically livestock grazing use in the winter ranges in the Verde Valley have been limited due to the lack of water sources and the low forage vegetation production on the poorly developed soils of the area. The livestock grazing regime on the allotment had been a typical rest-rotation grazing system initiated in the 1960’s until 1991 when time control grazing was initiated. Time control grazing limits graze periods from five to 20 in fast plant growth periods and 30 day graze periods in slow plant growth periods.

A range resource reanalysis, conducted in 1992 on the Walker Basin Allotment, found range conditions in static and improving trend condition.

C. SPECIES IDENTIFICATION

Scientific Name	Common Name	Status
Purshia subintegra	Arizona Cliffrose	FWS Endangered FS Sensitive
Salvia dorrii mearnsii	Verde Valley Sage	FWS C2 FS Sensitive
Eriogonum ripleyi	Ripley’s Wild Buckwheat	FWS C2 FS Sensitive
Potentilla multifoliolata	Arizona Cinquefoil	FWS C3 FS Sensitive

D. SPECIES EVALUATION

1. Purshia subintegra, Arizona Cliffrose.
1. Data Sources

   A member of the rose family (Rosaceae), Purshia subintegra Arizona cliffrose, was listed as an endangered species by the USFWS in 1984.

   Numerous plant surveys have been completed on four known disjunct plant populations within a large, 200 mile wide, area of central Arizona’s Sonoran Desert. The area of concern for this biological evaluation is the Verde Valley population, where known Arizona cliffrose populations occur within and adjacent to the specially designated Verde Valley Botanical Area (VVBA) and potentially on other adjacent unoccupied suitable habitat associated with the characteristic “white-gypseous” soils.

   General plant surveys for this species were conducted in 1984, 1993 and again in 1995 across the Allotment by Coconino National Forest personnel. The results of these surveys were: no Purshia subintegra was found within the Allotment; however, the 1993 and 1995 general plant survey did confirm known Salvia dorrii var. mearnsii populations.

   Analysis of the 1993 Coconino National Forest Terrestrial Ecosystem Survey (TES) Report has shown that soils found as suitable Purshia subintegra habitat within the VVBA area also found across the Allotment and much of the Verde Valley.

2. Affected Habitat Description

   Purshia subintegra grows on low arid hillsides, associated with a unique white outcrop which appears to be a shallow gravelly loam that develops over White Tertiary Limestone lakebed deposits high in lithium and magnesium. Occurrence in the Verde Valley is at an elevation of 2500-3660 feet. The plant community associated with Purshia subintegra is unique to limestone soils and it tends to be dominant or co-dominant with Crucifixion thorn and shrubby buckwheat. The majority of the population occurs on the Windmill Grazing Allotment within the Verde Valley Botanical Area 9-10 miles north of this allotment.

   This plant is vulnerable due to localized habitat and limited number populations. Reasons for the decline of this species include gypsum mining, grazing by livestock, wildlife browsing, urban development, off-road vehicles, road construction, and recreational uses and developments.

3. Analysis of Effects

   Potential habitat exists within the Allotment. It is not known why P. subintegra plants do not occur within the white hills area of the Walker Basin Allotment. Common cliffrose, Purshia stansburiana, is found at numerous suitable habitat locations within the Allotment. These two species have hybridized but examination of the Allotment’s cliffrose plants show only strong P. stansburiana characteristics. The 1995 plant surveys found a little browsing use (5%) from wildlife on the P. stansburiana plants.

   Cliffrose species are very susceptible to heavy grazing use by livestock, especially during winter use when browse species are the only plants still with high protein levels. Increasing livestock use in winter-use pastures, which traditionally have not received recent grazing use, raises concerns for the suitable habitat and potential recovery/expansion of the know populations. Conservation and habitat protection measures must be implemented to insure protection of suitable and potential habitats.

   Improper concentration of livestock into suitable habitat areas has the potential to damage or hinder the occupation of this endangered species.

   The lack of year-long livestock grazing use rest on the Allotment’s winter ranges may adversely affect this species’ ability to occupy and establish itself in potential suitable habitat, (Palmer, B. Pers. Comm. 1993-94).

   Direct and indirect adverse affects are possible, to Arizona cliffrose’s unoccupied suitable habitat could come from vegetative manipulation or soil degradation if improper livestock grazing management occurs.

   Overgrazing and selective grazing use has been greatly reduced under this grazing management system. This will allow for quick plant recovery within the pastures grazed, if actively growing. The increased stock density, although far from being high, allows for increased and more uniform grazing use on the native Upper Sonoran Desert vegetative community.

   The allotment management uses this portion of the allotment during the winter months (January-May) with 10 to 20 day graze periods with the 550 head herd. In this area there are 10 pastures (Camp Verde, Montezuma North, Montezuma South, Heifer, Wickiup East, Wickiup Middle, Wickiup West, Russel Springs East, Russel Springs West and White Hills). All of these pastures except Camp Verde and White Hill pastures have been used with the whole herd since 1987. The Camp Verde pasture has not been used since the mid-1980’s, but there are plans to use this pasture when the water system is repaired. The Heifer pasture is currently being used as a yearling pasture for 30 days during the winter. The current AMP calls for an electric fence to be constructed near Hance Spring in the Heifer pasture to control livestock and better utilize this area. The white hills portion of the Hance Pasture has not been used since approximately the mid 1960’s. The White Hills pasture has not been used since approximately the 1960’s and there are no plans to use this pasture.

   Forage and browse grazing use restrictions on these fragile Sonoran Desert ecosystems, which includes the P. subintegra potential habitat’s suitable soils must be the safeguarded to insure integrity of this species of concern.

4. Cumulative Effects

   Past, present and foreseeable uses in the white hills area of the Walker Basin Grazing Allotment include increasing uses from adjacent fuelwooding, wildland fires, livestock grazing and recreation.

   Dispersed recreational uses, values and activities are the most frequent, diverse, year-long use of the land associated with the allotment’s white hills area. Such uses include: outdoor recreation vehicles (ORV’s), all terrain vehicles (ATV’S), horseback riding, camping, hunting, and wildlife viewing. Inherent to these diverse activities are inevitably heavy or concentrated uses that occur within key resource areas. It is possible that the combinations of these activities coupled with the grazing management program could ultimately result in an adverse effect on P. subintegra’s potential habitat, but this is not very likely.

   The current management actions are not anticipated to result in significant cumulative effects on the allotment’s environment when combined with the effects created by past and concurrent management activities, uses and values, or when combined with effects of natural changes taking place within adjacent ecosystems or within reasonably foreseeable management actions of the future.

   Because of the anticipated improvement program in grazing management and watershed conditions no significant adverse environmental changes will take place over large areas of potential habitat for Purshia subintegra.

   The grazing strategy in place is not precedent setting. This strategy does not automatically trigger other projects or management requirements which might have similar effects on this area of concern or associated areas of management. It is an independent action. Future actions will be proposed, assessed and evaluated on their own effects and consequences, including cumulative effects for those actions.

   This management will be monitored for proper implementation, effectiveness, benefit and impact on other resources, including the potential habitats for the Purshia subintegra.

5. Determination of Effect/Recommended Mitigation

   THE CURRENT GRAZING MANAGEMENT ON THE WALKER BASIN ALLOTMENT WILL NOT AFFECT Purshia subintegra OR ITS HABITAT.

   1). Key livestock winter forage species will include cliffrose, Purshia, both species. Recognition of both species, P. stansburiana and P. subintegra is important to assure protection and establishment of new populations, especially if P. subintegra’s populations expand onto suitable habitat currently occupied by or adjacent to P. stansburiana. All areas that are currently being grazed by livestock have been surveyed. Before new grazing areas (areas not grazed in the last five years) can be utilized, these plant surveys will be completed. If these plants are found in an area they will be fenced from livestock grazing and monitored for use.

   2). Livestock grazing use on cliffrose plants will not exceed 20% use of the current year’s growth. This use will be monitored each year during the season of use on pastures known to have suitable habitat for P. subintegra or know occurrences of P. stansburiana.

   3). Any livestock management techniques which concentrate animals such as herding, branding, salting, supplemental feeding, mineral or nutrient block placement, water-hauling and so-forth will occur 0.5 miles away from know Purshia plants and suitable habitat

   4). Monitoring will be conducted annually on livestock grazing use and management within pastures where potential Purshia habitat has been identified. Monitoring criteria will address browsing use on woody plant species, specifically cliffrose species, soil and watershed conditions and trends.

2. Salvia dorrii mearnsii, Verde Valley Sage
   1. Data Sources

      Salvia dorrii var. mearnsii, is known to occur within the Verde Valley, from the Verde Valley Botanical Area adjacent to Cottonwood, Arizona south to areas immediately north of West Clear Creek on the Walker Basin Allotment. Numerous plant surveys have found this species scattered across this range in numerous sites, with known sites occurring on both the Prescott and Coconino National Forest, State and private lands.

      This sub-species, S. dorrii mearnsii, appears to have a greater tolerance of habitat soil conditions than either P. subintegra, and E. ripleyii, which are often associated with it (Jenkins, P. 1991).

      Formal plant surveys (Southwestern Field Biologists, 1993) have documented that this taxon does not appear to be grazed or browsed by livestock. Population trends suggest several populations exceed 1,000 individuals in number and that the plant occurs on all aspects and slopes.

      Informal plant surveys conducted on the Allotment in 1995 by the author found the S. dorrii mearnsii at the known locations in the White Hills, Camp Verde and non-grazed portion of the Montezuma North pastures. These sites occur on steep slopes with very little associated vegetation which are not suitable or feasible for livestock grazing.

   2. Affected Habitat Description

      Verde Valley Sage is restricted to open creosote bush-shrub community (Creosote bush-Crucifixion thorn series of the Arizona Upland Subdivision of the Sonoran Desert scrub, Brown and Lowe 1982), on areas of whitish, powdery, gypsumeous limestone of tertiary lakebed deposits at elevations from 3250-3800 feet. Associated species include crucifixion thorn, juniper, algerita, and snakeweed. Some of the population occurs in and is protected by the Verde Valley Botanical Area. Threats to this plant are urban development, off-road vehicles, and gypsum mining.

   3. Analysis of Effects

      Suitable habitat exists within the Allotment. Heavy livestock concentrations into suitable habitat areas has the potential to damage or hinder the occupation of this taxon. Direct effects to the plant would result from trampling rather than from grazing or browsing of the woody plant by livestock.

      Suitable s

      Grazing. Associated with steep slopes on very poor producing soils, the species is often situated in areas not capable of grazing by livestock.

      The allotment management uses this portion of the allotment during the winter months (January-May) with 10 to 20 day graze periods with the 550 head herd. In this area there are 10 pastures (Camp Verde, Montezuma North, Montezuma South, Heifer, Wickiup East, Wickiup Middle, Wickiup West, Russel Springs West, Russel Springs East and White Hills). All pastures, except Camp Verde and White Hills pastures, have been used with the whole herd since 1987. The Camp Verde pasture has not been used since the mid-1980’s, but there are plans to use this pasture when the water system is repaired. The Heifer pasture is currently being used as a yearling pasture for 30 days during the winter. The current AMP calls for an electric fence to be constructed near Hance Spring in the Heifer pasture to control livestock and better utilize this area. The white hills portion of the Hance pasture has not been used since approximately the mid 1960’s. The White Hills pasture has not been used since approximately the 1960’s and there are no plans to use this pasture.

   4. Cumulative Effects

      The current management in place is not anticipated to result in significant cumulative effects on the Allotment’s environment, when combined with the effects created by past and concurrent management activities, uses and values, or when combined with effects of natural changes taking place within adjacent ecosystems or within reasonably foreseeable management actions of the future.

      Because of the improvement in grazing management and watershed conditions no significant adverse environmental changes are anticipated to take place over large areas of this taxon’s existing and potential suitable habitat.

      The current management is not precedent setting. This action will not automatically trigger other projects or management requirements which might have similar effects on this area of concern or associated areas of management. It is an independent action. Future actions will be proposed, assessed and evaluated on their own effects and consequences, including cumulative effects for those actions.

      Past, present and foreseeable uses in the allotment’s white hill area include increasing uses and activities from fuelwooding (cutting of mesquite and juniper) and wildland fires, and all forms of recreation.

      Dispersed recreation is the most common activity in the allotment’s white hill area. These uses include outdoor recreation vehicles (ORV’S), all terrain vehicles (ATV’S), horseback riding, camping, hunting, and wildlife viewing. Inherent to these diverse activities are inevitably heavy or concentrated uses that occur within key resource areas like riparian areas. It is possible that the combinations of these activities coupled with the current grazing management program could ultimately result in adverse effects to the Verde Valley Sage’s habitat, but that is not very likely.

      All projects will be monitored for proper implementation, effectiveness, benefit and impact on other resources, including known and potential habitats for the S. dorrii var. mearnsii.

   5. Determination of Effect/Recommended Mitigation

      THE CURRENT GRAZING MANAGEMENT ON THE WALKER BASIN ALLOTMENT HAS NO IMPACT ON Salvia dorrii var. mearnsii. With the following conservation and protection safeguard measures.

      1). Any livestock management techniques which concentrate animals such as herding, branding, salting, supplemental feeding, mineral or nutrient block placement, water-hauling and so-forth will occur 0.5 miles away from known Salvia dorrii mearnsii plants and suitable habitat.

      2). Salvia dorrii mearnsii species will be monitored and evaluated on an annual basis, for effects from livestock grazing and trampling.

3. Eriogonum ripleyi, Ripley’s Wild Buckwheat.
1. Data Sources

   A member of the “buckwheat” family Polygonaceae, which contains 54 other species of plants, Eriogonum ripleyi has a Category 2 status under the Endangered Species Act.

   This low woody mat-forming perennial has a total range of several hundred miles, from central to northwestern Arizona, and within this broad area this species has large areas of potential habitat (Phillips and Phillips, 1991).

   The largest known populations of Eriogonum ripleyi occur within the Verde Valley, within the Verde Valley Botanical Area (VVBA), north of Cottonwood, Arizona. Other surveys conducted outside the VVBA by Coconino Forest personnel include informal plant surveys in 1984, 1993 and 1995 on the Walker Basin Allotment. These surveys did not find E. ripleyi plants within the Allotment.

2. Affected Habitat Description

   Eriogonum ripleyi occurs on sandy-clay, to gravelly, stony, medium-textured soil on limestone and sandstone bedrock; and on white calcareous soil of Tertiary lakebed deposits with red cherty rocks, volcanic tuffs and ashes and redeposited limestone. It is associated with the creosote bush community of the Sonoran desert scrub type. Eriogonum ripleyi is an attractive ornamental and has been collected for landscaping. The Verde Valley Botanical Area protects some of the population.

   Impacts to this plant are urban development, off-road vehicles, livestock grazing/trampling, construction of reservoirs, roads, and recreational developments and mining.

3. Analysis of Effects

   Potential habitat exists within the Allotment. Improper concentration of livestock into these potential habitat areas has a high probability to damage habitat or hinder its occupation by this taxon. Direct effects to the plant would result primarily from trampling rather than from grazing or browsing of the woody plant by livestock.

   Similar to Verde Valley Sage habitat, the Ripley’s Wild Buckwheat’s habitat is generally in areas which are unsuitable to livestock grazing. Associated with steep slopes on very poorly productive soils, the species is often situated in areas not capable of grazing by livestock.

   Livestock overgrazing and grazing of selective plants is greatly reduced under this grazing system. The high intensity of use for short grazing periods of time is anticipated to allow for quick plant recovery within the pastures grazed. The increased stock density, although far from being high, does allow for increased and more uniform grazing use.

4. Cumulative Effects

   Cumulative effects previously described for Salvia dorrii var. mearnsii of this evaluation are the same for Eriogonum ripleyi.

5. Determination of Effect/Recommended Mitigation

   THE CURRENT GRAZING MANAGEMENT ON THE WALKER BASIN ALLOTMENT HAS NO IMPACT ON Eriogonum ripleyi. With the following conservation and protection safeguard measures.

   1). Any livestock management techniques which concentrate animals such as herding, branding, salting, supplemental feeding, mineral or nutrient block placement, water-hauling and so-forth will occur 0.5 miles away from known Eriogonum ripleyi plants and suitable habitat.

   2). Eriogonum ripleyi species will be monitored and evaluated on an annual basis, for effects from livestock grazing and trampling.

4. Potentilla multifoliolata, Arizona Cinquefoil
1. Data Sources

   The total range of this plant is central Arizona, atop the Mogollon Rim from Williams, south and east of Flagstaff, to Happy Jack, Arizona.

   Numerous plant surveys have been completed and documented for this species. This species has records of being found on the Walker Basin Allotment (AZ G&F Dept. Heritage Data Management System, 1993).

   The Potentilla multifoliolata species was given an Endangered Species Act Category 3C Status by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1990.

2. Affected Habitat Description

   Arizona cinquefoil is a climax species that prefers to grow on gentle slopes of shallow rocky drainage bottoms within the Ponderosa pine and pinyon juniper transition woodlands. Its drainage habitat is characterized by intermittent surface water flow, generally on poor rock/gravel shallow soils at elevational ranges of 6,200 to 7,700 feet.

   The greatest threat to this species is ungulate grazing, followed by human activity impacts such as logging and recreational use.

3. Analysis of Effects

   Known P. multifoliolata communities exist within the Long Valley District portion of this Allotment. These populations are very susceptible to grazing by livestock and elk. The livestock grazing management in place provides for yearlong rest on half of this area. This assured rest (alternative year use) will dramatically reduce the livestock grazing impacts to this plant.

   Improper concentration of livestock within these drainages will adversely affect this species. Herding, supplemental feeding, mineral/salt blocking or other activities which concentrated ungulates into suitable habitat will not occur.

   Selective grazing and overgrazing use will be reduced under this proposed method of management, allowing for quick plant recovery within the pastures grazed. The increased stock density, although far from being high, will allow for increased and more uniform grazing use on the native pine bunchgrass community.

4. Cumulative Effects

   Past, present, and reasonably foreseeable uses in this allotment’s area include dispersed and developed recreation uses, wildlife browsing from various species, prescribed burning, logging and fuelwooding. Inherent to these diverse activities are inevitably heavy or concentrated use zones that occur within key resource areas. It is possible that the combinations of these activities coupled with the current grazing management program could ultimately result in an adverse effect on existing and potential habitat.

   The present management regime and the improvements are not expected to result in significant effects on the allotment’s environment, when combined with the effects created by past and concurrent management, or when combined with effects of natural succession or changes occurring within numerous associated ecosystems, or reasonably foreseeable future management actions and requirements.

   The management actions in place are not precedent setting or irreversible. They will not automatically trigger other management needs or projects. It is an independent action. Future management actions and requirements which may be proposed will be assessed and an independent evaluation made of the cumulative effects of those actions.

5. Determination of Effect/Recommended Mitigation

   THE CURRENT GRAZING MANAGEMENT ON THE WALKER BASIN ALLOTMENT HAS NO IMPACT ON Potentilla multifoliolata. With the following conservation and protection safeguard measures.

   1). Any livestock management techniques which concentrate animals such as herding, branding, salting, supplemental feeding, mineral or nutrient block placement, water-hauling and so-forth will occur 0.25 miles away from known Potentilla multifoliolata suitable habitat.

   2). Livestock grazing use in pastures of known Potentilla multifoliolata habitat within the Long Valley District of the Allotment will be monitored. Grazed plants will be inventoried to insure that some flowers are retained for reproductive purposes to sustain the existing and future populations. The plants flower from June to August; this is a critical period for the species.

E. CONSULTATION COMPLETED TO DATE:

1. April 3, 1993. Informal consultation with Bruce Palmer of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, at Beaver Creek Ranger Station. ID Team scoping meeting for proposed 7-10 Year Ponderosa Pine Vegetation Prescribed Fire Program. Informal discussions specifically between Jerry Bradley, District Wildlife Staff, and Bruce Palmer occurred on Mexican spotted owl and habitat effects, which included livestock grazing.
2. September 2, 1993. Informal consultation meeting at U.S. Fish and Wildlife Phoenix, Arizona, Office for specific review of Apache Maid Grazing Allotment Management Plan. Reviewed threatened, endangered and sensitive species of concern lists, discussed specific species and the Service’s concerns and needs. Participants from FWS included: Bill Austin, Bruce Palmer, Tim Tibbits, and Brenda Anderson. Liz Blake, Mark Whitney and Jerry Bradley represented the Forest Service, Beaver Creek/Long Valley Ranger Districts.
3. February 11, 1994. Informal meeting with Bruce Palmer, Jerry Bradley and Cecelia Dargan, Assistant Forest Wildlife Staff. Discussed potential grazing impacts on MSO prey base and shared common MSO habitat concerns, specific to the Apache Maid Allotment Management Plan.
4. April 25, 1995. Informal meeting with Bruce Palmer, Ken Vensel, Jerry Bradley and Mike Hannemann. Discussed grazing impact of these plant species on the Walker Basin Allotment. We also discussed grazing effects on the Fossil Creek Allotment.

F. CONTACTS/CONTRIBUTORS/PREPARER:

G. SIGNATURES:

Prepared by: __________________________________________________________________

Michael Hannemann Date

Range Conservationist

Long Valley and Beaver Creek Districts.

I reviewed this Biological Assessment and Evaluation for FS manual compliance and I concur with the documented findings.

Approved by: _________________________________________________________________

Jerry Bradley Date

Wildlife Biologist

Beaver Creek and Sedona Districts

H. APPENDIX/LITERATURE CITED/INDEX TO PROJECT RECORDS CITED

Literature Cited

Arizona Game and Fish Department, Heritage Data Management System, “Sensitive Plants of the Verde Valley and Vicinity”. 1993.

Baker, M.A. and T. Wright. 1993. A botanical survey of Apache Creek, Juniper Mesa, Sycamore Canyon, and Woodchute Wilderness Areas on the Prescott National Forest. Unpub. Report for the USFS Prescott National Forest, Chino Valley, Arizona.

Coconino National Forest. T&E Sensitive Species Summary.

Fletcher, R. 1979. Status report Cimicifuga arizonica. Unpub. USDA-FS, Albuquerue, New Mexico.

Fletcher, R. 1979. Status report Potentilla multifoliolata. Unpub. USDA-FS, Albuquerue, New Mexico.

Galeano-Popp, R. and R. Fletcher. 1989. Draft implementation plan for the management of Arizona bugbane, Cimicifuga arizonica. Unpub. USDA-FS, Albuquerue, New Mexico..

Jenkins, P. 1991. Endangered Plant Survey of Coconino National Forest Proposed Land Exchanges. Prepared by Southwestern field Biologists for the Coconino National forest, Flagstaff, Arizona. 43 pp.

Kearney, T.H. and R.H. Peebles. 1960. Arizona Flora, Univ. Cal. Press, Berkley, California, P 740-742 (as S. carnosa).

McDougall, W.B., 1973. Seed Plants of Northern Arizona. Museum of Northern Arizona. Flagstaff, Arizona, p. 423.

Phillips, B.G., 1984. Field survey of Cimicifuga arizonica. Unpub. USDA-FS, Coconino National Forest, Flagstaff, Arizona.

Phillips, B.G. and A.M. Phillips. 1991. Status report of Eriogonum ripleyi. Unpub. Report for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Phoenix, Arizona.

Southwestern field Biologists. 1993. Status Survey Interim report for Salvia dorrii mearnsii. Prepared for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Phoenix, AZ., Unpublished Report, pp.8.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1992. Handbook of Arizona’s Endangered, Threatened, and Candidate Plants. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Phoenix, AZ. 57 pp.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1991. Endangered and Threatened Species of Arizona. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Phoenix, AZ. 106 pp.

U.S. Forest Service. 1991. Walker Basin Environmental Assessment and Allotment Management Plan, Happy Jack, AZ. 57 pp.

I. MAPS

Map A …………WALKER BASIN ALLOTMENT MAP
Map B …………WHITE HILLS TES SOILS MAP
Map C …………1985-1995 GENERAL SURVEYS ROUTES
Map D …………KNOWN SPECIES LOCATIONS

Last Revised: 2 July 2001